Habuba Kabira, construction of a mud brick house before the circular of the domes is started

Habuba Kabira, construction of a mud brick house before the circular of the domes is started

Raqqa, City Wall

Raqqa, City Wall

The cathedral of Busra from the inside

The cathedral of Busra from the inside

Cathedral of Busra from the inside

Cathedral of Busra from the inside

A side of archaeological remains in Khirbat as-Sarayij

A side of archaeological remains in Khirbat as-Sarayij

A side of archaeological remains in Khirbat as-Sarayij

A side of archaeological remains in Khirbat as-Sarayij

Jamiʿ al-Utrush, tomb - interior view of the dome damages

Jamiʿ al-Utrush, tomb – interior view of the dome damages

Remains of an ancient minaret in Khirbat as-Sarayij

Remains of an ancient minaret in Khirbat as-Sarayij

Raqqa, Northeast Complex

Raqqa, Northeast Complex

Raqqa, Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall - Excavations

Raqqa, Madinat ar-Rafiqa wall – Excavations

Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, faience tiles decoration above a window

Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, faience tiles decoration above a window

Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, prayer hall - one of the windows on the northern facade

Jamiʿ al-ʿAdiliyya, prayer hall – one of the windows on the northern facade

A small pathway in the Ghuta of Damascus

A small pathway in the Ghuta of Damascus

Tall Aswad near Raqqa, view to an outbuilding of a farmstead

Tall Aswad near Raqqa, view to an outbuilding of a farmstead

On the western shore of Jabbul salt lake, triangle door of a kitchen as a domed room

On the western shore of Jabbul salt lake, triangle door of a kitchen as a domed room

Near Safira, upper opening in a dome , used to fill in straw or chaff

Near Safira, upper opening in a dome , used to fill in straw or chaff

A small pathway in the Ghuta of Damascus

A small pathway in the Ghuta of Damascus

A side of excavated building in Tall Mardikh (Ebla)

A side of excavated building in Tall Mardikh (Ebla)

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

A staircase was leading up to upper floor at Royal Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

A staircase was leading up to upper floor at Royal Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

A view of Royal Palace G, Tall Mardikh (Ebla)

A view of Royal Palace G, Tall Mardikh (Ebla)

A part from the ruins of Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

A part from the ruins of Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Raqqa - remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)

Raqqa – remains of the southern arcade of al-Jamiʿ al-ʿAtiq (Great Mosque)

View into a room in Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

View into a room in Palace G, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Damage pattern, subflorescence, sandstone, Horus Temple, Edfu, Egypt

Fig. 55, Catalogue of Damage

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

A side of Kharbaqa Dam, spring

A side of Kharbaqa Dam, spring

Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi, seen towards the south

Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi, seen towards the south

Raqqa - "East of Raqqa" site - Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Raqqa – “East of Raqqa” site – Tall Aswad, excavation in 1985

Ceiling and Reverse side of the ceiling of Bayt Ḫazīna-Kātibī / Niẓām with ‘Ajami decoration

Ceiling and Reverse side of the ceiling of Bayt Ḫazīna-Kātibī / Niẓām with ‘Ajami decoration